How Does a Solar Geyser Work? | Solar Geyser Guide
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A Homeowner's Guide to Your Solar and Electric Geyser

A solar geyser uses the sun's radiation energy to heat your water, with electricity as backup when there isn't enough sunlight to reach the thermostat's set temperature (usually 36°C). This is why most homes have a solar and electric geyser hybrid system rather than a purely solar-powered unit. The geyser switch on your DB board must always stay in the on position, it's a safety breaker, not an on/off switch, and turning it off doesn't save electricity.

How Does a Solar Geyser Work?

A solar powered geyser captures radiation energy from the sun to heat the water stored in your geyser tank. Because sunlight hours and radiation intensity vary by season, most residential solar geysers are actually solar geysers with electric backup: when solar energy alone isn't enough to reach the preset thermostat temperature, electricity tops up the heating.

Here's what that means for your usage:

  • Once the water reaches its set temperature, electricity use drops sharply, it's only topping up, not heating a full tank from cold.
  • Switching the geyser off and on doesn't save money. Reheating a full tank that's gone cold uses far more energy (solar and electrical) than simply maintaining temperature.
  • Winter months rely more heavily on the electric backup, since there's less available solar radiation.

Overflow Safety Valve (Temperature Relief Valve)

Your geyser's overflow safety valve releases built-up water pressure (steam) during hot weather. This is normal, expected behaviour. The valve is doing its job to stop the geyser from over-pressurising.

What's normal:

  • A slow drip. Water usage is minimal enough that it won't register on your water meter.

What's not normal:

  • A constant stream of water or steam from the valve. This can indicate excessive pressure and a possible thermostat fault.

Log an emergency request so it can be inspected if you notice a constant stream rather than an occasional drip.

Find out more about the emergency repair services for our new developments.

Warning Signs Your Geyser May Be Failing

Keep an eye out for:

  • Low water pressure
  • A humming or cracking sound from the geyser
  • Water flowing from the geyser tray pipe
  • Water running down your gutter when it isn't raining (check whether your geyser tray is dripping or overflowing)

The Geyser Switch on Your DB Board: Why It Must Stay On

The geyser breaker on your DB board is a safety mechanism, not a convenience switch. It's designed to trip off automatically during a power surge, from load-shedding recovery, lightning, or a faulty appliance, protecting your geyser from damage.

Why you shouldn't switch it off to "save power":

  • Circuit breakers aren't built for repeated on/off cycling. Using it as a switch can damage it over time.
  • A damaged breaker tends to fail in the off position, leaving you with cold or lukewarm water through winter.
  • Once that happens, you'll need an electrician to replace it; an avoidable cost.
  • As covered above, switching the geyser off doesn't reduce your electricity bill; it just means a bigger reheating load later.

Keep the breaker in the ON/UP position at all times.

Want Warmer Water or More Control Over Heating Times?

If the standard setup doesn't suit your household, there are two homeowner-arranged options, at your own cost and arrangement with a qualified electrician or plumber.

Option 1: Install a Timer Switch

A timer switch is a genuine on/off switch wired into your geyser circuit by an electrician, separate from the safety breaker. You set specific hours for the geyser to switch off and on, for example, off from 10:00–14:00 and back on from 16:00–19:00.

Only do this if you're confident you won't need hot water during the switched-off window.

Option 2: Increase the Thermostat Setting

A qualified plumber can raise your thermostat above the factory-set 36°C (set low by default for burn safety and energy efficiency).

Trade-offs to weigh:

  • Higher temperatures need more solar and electrical energy to reach, raising running costs.
  • Higher pressure means more frequent overflow valve drips, which adds to your municipal water usage over time.

Caring for Your Geyser During Water-Shedding

Switch your geyser off for the duration if your area experiences water-shedding. Heating an element with insufficient water in the tank can burn it out, an easily preventable and costly repair.

Visit our The Complete First-Time Home Buyer's Guide South Africa for more practical maintenance tips.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does a solar geyser work? 

A solar geyser heats water using radiation energy captured from the sun. When solar energy isn't sufficient, such as during winter or on overcast days, electricity is used to bring the water up to the thermostat's set temperature, which is why most systems are solar geysers with electric backup rather than solar-only.

Should I switch my solar geyser off to save electricity? 

No. Switching your geyser off doesn't save money because reheating a full tank of cold water uses more energy than maintaining an already-heated tank. The DB board switch is a safety breaker, not designed for regular on/off use, and cycling it can damage the breaker.

Why is water dripping from my geyser's overflow valve? 

A slow, occasional drip from the overflow safety valve is normal, especially in hot weather, and won't show up on your water meter. A constant stream of water or steam suggests excessive pressure, possibly from a thermostat fault, and should be reported for inspection.

What temperature is my solar geyser set to by default? 

Solar geysers typically come from the manufacturer set to 36°C, which is the standard safety setting to help prevent burns and reduce energy use. A qualified plumber can adjust this, though higher settings increase both energy and water costs.

Should I turn my geyser off during water-shedding? 

Yes. Switch your geyser off during water-shedding to prevent the element from burning out due to low water levels in the tank.

Can I control when my geyser heats water? 

Yes, by having an electrician install a separate timer switch on the geyser circuit. This lets you set specific off and on hours without using the safety breaker as a switch. This is arranged and paid for by the homeowner.

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